“ KLINIKAGA YO’L- ANATOMIYA ORQALI ”

GIPOTIREOZNING EKSPERIMENTAL MODELINDA JIGAR TOMIRLARINING MORFOLOGIK VA MORFOMETRIK O‘ZGARISHLARI

Sagdullayeva M. K

Toshkent Davlat Tibbiyot Universiteti

Keywords: jigar tomirlari, morfologik o‘zgarishlar, morfometrik tahlil, sinusoid kapillyarlar, merkazolil, eksperimental model, mikrosirkulyatsiya, plethora, eritrotsit stazi, endotelial hujayralar, yog‘ distrofiyasi, tireoid gormonlari, T3 va T4, laboratoriya oq kalamushlar, NAYJK.

---

Abstract

Gipotireoz tireoid gormonlari (triiodtironin - T3 va tiroksin - T4) yetishmovchiligi bilan bog‘liq bo‘lgan keng tarqalgan endokrin kasallik bo‘lib, butun organizmga, jumladan, jigar kabi muhim organlarga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Jigar organizmning metabolik, detoksikatsiya va gormonal regulyatsiya markazi sifatida gipotireozda parenxima va tomir tizimida distrofik, sirkulyator va strukturni o‘zgarishlarga duch keladi. Ushbu tadqiqot laboratoriya oq kalamushlarda (Wistar turkumi) merkazolil orqali induktsiyalangan eksperimental gipotireoz modelida jigar tomirlaridagi morfologik va morfometrik o‘zgarishlarni batafsil o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqotda 25 ta kalamush ishtirok etdi: 15 ta eksperimental guruhda (merkazolil bilan davolangan) va 10 ta nazorat guruhida (faol moddasiz suspenziya). Gipotireoz qon zardobidagi T3 va T4 darajalarining sezilarli pasayishi (normaldan 50-70% ga kam) bilan tasdiqlandi. Morfologik tahlil gematoksilin-eozin bo‘yovi bilan bo‘yalgan jigar kesmalarida sinusoid kapillyarlarning kengayishi, seroz va perivaskulyar shish, eritrotsit stazi, markaziy va portal venalardagi plethora, shuningdek, endotelial hujayralarning distrofiyasi va tomir devorlarining ingichkalashishini ko‘rsatdi. Morfometrik o‘lchovlar ImageJ dasturi yordamida amalga oshirildi va sinusoid diametrining 1,5-2 baravar o‘sishini, vena liumenining 30-50% ga kengayishini, endotelial hujayra balandligining pasayishini va tomir devori qalinligining oshishini aniqladi. Ushbu o‘zgarishlar jigar mikrosirkulyatsiyasining buzilishiga, gipoksiyaga, yog‘ distrofiyasi va non-alkogolli yog‘ jigar kasalligi (NAYJK) rivojlanishiga hissa qo‘shadi. Tadqiqot natijalari gipotireozning jigar vaskulyar tizimiga ta’sir mexanizmlarini yoritadi, klinik diagnostika va terapiya strategiyalarini takomillashtirishga, jumladan, levotiroksin o‘rnini bosuvchi davolashni optimallashtirishga yordam beradi. Bundan tashqari, model klinik gipotireozda jigar kasalliklarini bashorat qilish, profilaktika choralarini ishlab chiqish va yangi terapevtik yondashuvlarni sinovdan o‘tkazishda qo‘llanilishi mumkin. Ushbu ish sohada mavjud bo‘shliqlarni to‘ldiradi va gipotireoz bilan bog‘liq jigar patologiyasining molekulyar asoslarini o‘rganishga asos yaratadi.

---

References

1. Abdieva, A. N. U., Nortaev, A. B., & Umirov, N. U. (2024). Morphological aspects of rabbit liver damage during thyroidectomy. European Journal of Modern Medicine and Practice, 222-230.

2. Beránková, H., Smetana, J., & Novotný, I. (2024). Effect of bisphenol S and bisphenol A on morphometric and hormonal changes of thyroid gland and iodine concentration in urine of Wistar rats. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 25(1), 1-10.

3. Candanedo-Gonzalez, F., Rios-Valencia, J., Pacheco-Garcilazo, D. N., Valenzuela-Gonzalez, W., & Gamboa-Dominguez, A. (2021). Morphology aspects of hypothyroidism. In Hypothyroidism - New aspects of an old disease. IntechOpen.

4. de Lima Junior, N. C., Barbosa, C. R., Rocha, J. B., & Valentim, L. M. (2021). Subacute exposure to lead promotes disruption in the thyroid gland function in male and female rats. Environmental Pollution, 269, 116181.

5. Galakhin, K. A. (1977). [Ultrastructural changes in the liver in experimental hypothyroidism]. Arkhiv Patologii, 39(7), 45-50.

6. Horai, Y., Uemura, H., & Osada, Y. (2017). Quantitative analysis of histopathological findings using image processing software. Journal of Toxicologic Pathology, 30(4), 351-358.

7. Ibrahim, A. A., & Abdel-Hakim, S. M. (2021). Hypothyroidism: morphological and metabolic changes in the testis of adult albino rat and the amelioration by alpha-lipoic acid. Folia Morphologica, 80(1), 117-125.

8. Marini, J. P., McWhorter, T. J., & Wolf, J. C. (2023). An amphibian metamorphosis assay dietary restriction study: Lessons for data interpretation. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 42(5), 1123-1135.

9. Nechyporuk, V. M., Prylutskyy, Y. I., & Korda, M. M. (2020). Morphological changes of the liver under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia in the background of hypo- and hyperthyroidism. Semantics Scholar.

10. Neggazi, S., Hamlat, N., & Belkacemi, L. (2023). Hypothyroidism increases angiotensinogen gene expression associated with vascular smooth muscle cells cholesterol metabolism dysfunction and aorta remodeling in Psammomys obesus. Scientific Reports, 13, Article 46899.

11. Nortaev, A. B., Abdudjalilova, Y. H., & Raxmonberdiyev, M. A. (2025). Morphological changes in the liver of offspring 3-30 days born to mothers in a state of experimental stress. Journal of New Century Innovations, 90(3), 209-211.

12. Olha, D., & Denefil, O. (2021). Liver and heart damage in female rats with hypothyroidism. PharmacologyOnLine, 2, 1-10.

13. Ribeiro, L. G. R., Kawashita, N. H., de Brito, M. N., & Nunes, M. T. (2018). Excess maternal thyroxine alters the proliferative activity and angiogenic profile of growth cartilage of rats at birth and weaning. Cartilage, 9(1), 89-99.

14. Sambhav, K., Singh, R., & Kumar, A. (2023). Morphological study of variations of the human cadaveric liver and its clinical implications. Cureus, 15(1), e134004.

15. Słupczyńska, M., Stępniewska, M., & Długosz, A. (2022). The thyroid hormone and immunoglobulin concentrations in blood serum and thyroid gland morphology in young hens fed with different diets, sources, and levels of iodine supply. Animals, 13(1), 158.

16. Usanov, S. S., & Karimov, K. K. (2022). Morphological and morphometric parameters of the liver of white nonbored rats in normal. CyberLeninka.

17. Vargas, F., Moreno, J. M., Rodríguez-Gómez, I., Wangensteen, R., Osuna, A., Alvarez-Guerra, M., & García-Estañ, J. (2006). Vascular and renal function in experimental thyroid disorders. European Journal of Endocrinology, 154(2), 197-212.

18. Wolf, J. C., & Maack, G. (2018). A critical review of histopathological findings associated with endocrine and non-endocrine hepatic toxicity in fish models. Aquatic Toxicology, 197, 9-32.

19. Zhautikova, S., Amreyeva, K., & Kostyleva, O. (2022). Pathogenetic mechanisms of relationship of metabolic and morphofunctional disorders of thyroid and adrenal glands in diabetes mellitus and obesity. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(A), 8151.