Ekstrakranial arteriyalarning aterotrombotik torayishi bilan og‘rigan bemorlarda kognitiv faoliyat va hayot sifati o‘zgarishlari

Sardorbek Yuldashev

Samarqand davlat tibbiyot universiteti, O‘zbekiston

Keywords: ekstrakranial arteriyalar, aterotrombotik torayish, kognitiv faoliyat, ichki bo‘yin arteriyasi, umurtqa arteriyasi, miya qon aylanishi buzilishi, vaskulyar demensiya, nevropsixologik baholash, MMSE, CAMCOG-R, WAIS-IV, SF-36, hayot sifati

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Abstract

Mazkur ilmiy maqolada ekstrakranial arteriyalarning aterotrombotik torayishi natijasida yuzaga keladigan miya qon aylanishi buzilishlari va ularning kognitiv faoliyat hamda hayot sifati ko‘rsatkichlariga ta’siri tibbiy jihatdan tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotga 2022–2024 yillar oralig‘ida 67±7,2 yoshdagi 128 nafar bemor jalb etilgan. Bemorlar patologik jarayonning og‘irligiga qarab uch guruhga ajratilgan: ichki bo‘yin arteriyasining bir tomonlama torayishi, ikki tomonlama torayishi hamda ichki bo‘yin va umurtqa arteriyalarining birgalikdagi torayishi. Kognitiv faoliyatni baholash uchun MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination), CAMCOG-R (Cambridge Cognitive Examination – Revised) va WAIS-IV (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) testlari qo‘llanilgan, hayot sifatini baholash esa SF-36 so‘rovnomasi orqali amalga oshirilgan.

Olingan natijalarga ko‘ra, ichki bo‘yin va umurtqa arteriyalarining kombinatsiyalangan torayishi aniqlangan bemorlarda kognitiv funksiyalar sezilarli darajada pasaygan. Bu holat miya qon aylanishining umumiy yetishmovchiligi, gipoperfuziya va neyron tarmoqlar faoliyatining buzilishi bilan bog‘liq. Kognitiv testlardagi ballarning pasayishi SF-36 bo‘yicha jismoniy va ruhiy komponentlarning past ko‘rsatkichlari bilan o‘zaro bog‘liq ekani aniqlangan. Bu esa aterotrombotik jarayon nafaqat intellektual faoliyatni, balki bemorning kundalik faolligi, hissiy barqarorligi va ijtimoiy moslashuvini ham izdan chiqarishini ko‘rsatadi.

Tahlil natijalari ekstrakranial arteriyalarning aterotrombotik torayishi bo‘lgan bemorlarda erta kognitiv skrining, muntazam nevropsixologik kuzatuv va kompleks reabilitatsion yondashuv zarurligini asoslaydi. Bunday tizimli yondashuv insult, vaskulyar demensiya va boshqa surunkali miya qon aylanishi kasalliklarining oldini olishda samarali tibbiy chora sifatida tavsiya etiladi.

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